The Greatest Generation Essay Example for Free

The Greatest Generation Essay It had been a turbulant twenty years for our young American and the most noticeably awful and the best weve yet to come. On December seventh 1941, the Japanese assaulted Pearl Harbor. Across America on that Saturday evening the staggering news from the radio electric the country and changed the lives of all who heard It. The youthful Americans of this time comprised an age birth set apart for significance. An age of Americans that would have its spot in American history. It might be truly untimely to Judge the best age yet unquestionably here are regular characteristics that can't be precluded Its an age from securing transcending accomplishment and unassuming air. A heritage of their early stages when they were members in and observers to penances of the most noteworthy request. Tom Brokaw, the creator of The Greatest Generation delineates that l think this is the best age any general public has ever delivered. With such a striking articulation, and a broad Judgment, from that point forward he has rehashed it on my events. While he is occasionally tested on premise, he accepts he has the senses of propriety on his side. However he doesnt have realities, he has feelings that help bulld up from his establishment of hls proclamation. Many are from individuals who had lived during World War II. They tell how the war had affected on their lives. Their opinion of their Generation. Martha Settle Putney expressed (pg. 185) l knew when World War II moved toward it would be a horrendous thing yet thereafter I was so gratefuln_lt gave opportunity Daniel Inouye accepted a similar thing as he expressed (pg. 49) The one time the country got ogether was World War II, We remained as one. we talked as one, we gripped our clench hands as one.

The Roles of Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility in Essay

The Roles of Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility in Multinational Companies - Essay Example ggests that the financial capacities must be practiced with a touchy consciousness of changing social qualities and needs and the external circle traces recently rising and still obscure obligations that partnerships ought to accept to turn out to be all the more effectively associated with improving the social condition in which they work (Shalhoub, 1999, p. 13). Scholars have distinguished four expansive regions of vital corporate duty that a MNC embraces, financial, legitimate, good, and social. The fundamental reason of the four territories is found in the essential idea of the company, which is a secretly based, financial substance whose individuals are required to settle on choices that has a critical effect on various constituents (Brummer, 1991). Later MNCs understand that a partnership has not in every case each of the four duties. At the point when it went to the reception of SCSR, worldwide MNCs neglected to react viably to the critical issues of their nations (Logsdon and Wood, 2005). It would not be right to state that global organizations (MNCs) while reacting to concerns like scaling down and natural debasement took activities to exhibit their social duty (Edwards et al, Feb 2007). Along these lines the MNCs really embraced SCSR to diminish their workforce through either intentional or automatic methods or a mix of both. As such, MNCs so as to safeguard themselves will in general receive SCSR yet with certain worries of which the most critical is the corporate cutting back in secretly and freely claimed firms as of late. The idea that MNCs have neglected to receive SCSR is delineated from some notable models. MNCs disappointment could be examined by those fights and customer blacklists that Nestle has encountered as of late in selling its different items in Africa (Husted and Allen, 2006). Same is the situation Nike has encountered because of kid work maltreatment in re-appropriating in Asia. The worldwide MNCs can't consider the reason for their disappointment which alludes to those corporate

An MIT wedding

An MIT wedding (For those of you just tuning in, Im Mollie. I graduated from MIT in 2006 with degrees in brain and cognitive sciences and biology, and Im now a second-year PhD student in developmental neurobiology at Harvard. When I was an undergrad, I UROPed til I dropped, participated in my dorms government, and was the captain of the cheerleading squad. When I was a sophomore, my friend Carl 07 introduced me to a cute curly-haired aerospace engineering major named Adam, and we dated for the rest of our years at MIT. In August 2006, he asked me to marry him in Killian Court with a bunch of tour groups looking on. I think that gets you caught up.) Adam and I got married September 15 (along with someone else you might know), which dawned drizzly and dreary in Cambridge. Our ceremony started at 4 PM, and the sun came out and the sky cleared around 3:30. (Whew!) We were married at Memorial Church in Harvard Yard, with twenty MIT alums in attendance and two more in the wedding party. Mark 07, our favorite houseguest, served as the best man, and Carl 07, who introduced us to each other, was another groomsman. Laura 06 and Tulasi 06 performed the readings, which were by Adrienne Rich and ee cummings, both Cambridge poets. Instead of throwing rice at us after we left the church, our guests threw paper airplanes. Adam designed the airplanes in Solidworks, optimizing for easy foldability and distance. The planes were a little bit pointy, Im not going to lie. Our friends had come in from jobs and graduate school all over the country California (Seve 05, Mark 07, Carl 07, Stephen 05), Chicago (Swapna 05), New York (Laura 06), and of course, lots of people in Boston. We were so excited to see everybody. Our reception was held at Bostons Museum of Science, which has a great view of the city skyline. Apparently the museum is a popular destination for MIT alums, because the museums function coordinator asked for our permission to use a photo from our wedding in an ad in The Tech. The museum was always one of our favorite places I mean, one, its a great science museum, and two, admission is free for MIT students so when we found out that they held wedding receptions, there wasnt much of a discussion about where we would be having our reception. Our first dance was to Everything I Do by Bryan Adams. Adam sang to me (off-key) during the entire dance. We got to take pictures in the museum, and we got this great picture of us with Daedalus, a human-powered airplane that was built and flown by a group of MIT students in the 80s. Adams undergrad advisor and the CEO of the company where he works were two of the designers. Adam got really excited when he saw the picture its basically a picture of the things in life he loves the most. I have trouble conveying just how perfect the wedding was. Its not that there werent minor snafus the florist didnt arrive until about 3:25, the officiant mentioned during the ceremony that I was a Democrat (news to my parents!), and Adams mom left our engraved cake-cutting knife in the car. But it was just such a joy-filled day with friends and family, and it went way too fast. I hate being schmoopy above all things, but it was probably the best day of my life. There are a lot more pictures here (just sign the guestbook to view them), and all of the pictures there and here were taken by our totally awesome photographer, Connie Miller of Studio Atticus, whose pictures speak for themselves in terms of her amazingness. A little on what were doing now As I said above, Im a second-year PhD student at Harvard. I picked a thesis lab this summer, and Im working on neural development in mice one of the big interests of the lab is to figure out which genes cause neural progenitor cells to become different types of neurons. Im specifically interested a particular transcription factor that seems to be critically involved in the generation of two distinct cell types in the forebrain. Adam is working for Aurora Flight Sciences, an aerospace company with a research and development office in Cambridge. Adam is the go-to guy for designing crazy stuff in the office, and pretty soon hell have two patents earned on ideas for the company. (Incidentally, were both working for MIT alums the professor in charge of my lab graduated from MIT in 1980, and Adams CEO finished undergrad here in 1979, then continued on to do his masters and PhD as well.) So married life is great, lab life is great (although Im preparing at the moment to defend my qualifying exam, which is not a great deal of fun*) hows life in your corner of the world? *and which is the reason I have not yet responded to the email Ben sent me earlier this week about having lunch

Teen Depression In Teens - 1284 Words

Alex Leon Mrs. Kim Roberts English IV 21 October 2017 Depression in Teens Depression is a mental disorder or an mental illness that impacts people all around the world. In America, it has grown tremendously since 1980 and has been affecting younger and younger people, it was once only affecting adults but in recent years has been getting to adolescents and children. Most recently more than 10 percent of adolescents develop a depressive disorder before the age of 18(Collins, 2017). In this paper you will see the differences between adult and teen depression, the teens who are impacted by depression is rising, That parents and teachers do not realize that the young children they care for just might be depressed but are not seeing the signs†¦show more content†¦The lack of Concentration can harm more than just their grades in school but also how they communicate with the ones around them, they can do harm to those they care about due to the fact they do not realize what they are saying or they could cause problems if they are working and do something that could cost them their job or harm someone else at the workplace. Hopelessness/guilty thoughts, physical pain/aches, and suicidal thoughts could lead to deep depression or worse. Some adolescents turn to drugs and alcohol to help cope with the feelings of being depressed, and others turn to suicide to get away from their problems(WebMD, 2017). Hopelessness and guilty thoughts can come in the beginning or the end of being depressed, Some have thoughts of suicide because they are not being helped and are not able to goto the doctors themselves like adults, Some depend on their parents to step in, some parents do not realize the signs of young depression. So these adolescents or children are depressed with no treatment or no help, because their parents or even teachers do not realize they are depressed. Adolescents and young children are depressed and no one is able to see that they need help or treatment, Young kids or teenagers are being bulli ed and the school is not doing anything about it or the kids are not telling their parents because there has not been an increase of treatment, TheShow MoreRelatedDepression in Teens1459 Words   |  6 Pageswhile loved ones work to help in any way possible. One of the serious mental illnesses that teens struggle with is depression. There are various aspects as to why an adolescent may develop depression including social, academic, or family problems, as well as stress or past issues; however, if others recognize the warning signs, complications can be avoided and treatment obtained to overcome depression. Depression â€Å"extends beyond sadness to the point of illness which affects one’s ability to properlyRead MoreTeen Depression1523 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The research project my group and I decided to do was on teen depression. We wanted teens to be more familiar with this major teen issue and how it affects our daily lives. Teen depression is a major concern and it is not fully acknowledged within high schools. Many people even adults don’t understand the results of teen depression. The statistics on teen depression are sobering. Studies indicate that one in five children have some sort of mental, behavioral, or emotional problemRead MoreTeen Depression3489 Words   |  14 Pagesresponsibility and days filled with fun, laughter and joy. This reality is a fairytale for some teenagers. Adolescent depression is a real and growing problem in our society. Numbers of depression diagnosed in adolescents are on the rise. Is this because of more depressed teenagers, or is there an explanation for this. Are there underlying problems or causes for the high depression numbers? Is there something that we can do to help these teenager s. What are the symptoms and diagnoses. Factors contributingRead MoreTeen Depression : The Problem Of Teenage Depression, And Teen Suicide721 Words   |  3 PagesTeen depression is a definite topic most people are unaware of and depression is a worldwide issue and is the leading disability. Depression can lead to many things, from anxiety to thoughts of suicide. Things like social media is a big cause of depression. Everyone has those days where they are feeling sad or maybe even just having a bad day. Sometimes, it goes even more downhill. When it turns into something major, it becomes a real problem. Some people ignore the issue, brushing it off as a â€Å"phaseRead MoreTeen Depression Essay749 Words   |  3 Pages Teen depression ultimately impacts this society generation . Recognizing the signs and diagnostics that could prevent teenagers with this mental illness. , Be aware there are several different types of depression . Teens from one or more types. Teenage depression is becoming a problem in today’s society. However, Depression, it’s a mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness and lost of interest also called clinical depression it affects how you feel , thinkRead MoreTeenage Depression And Teen Depression792 Words   |  4 Pages Teen depression, which is also known as adolescent depression, is a growing problem in today’s society. Depression among teenagers is overlooked by many and is often mistaken for â€Å"normal† teenage behavior. This mental illness is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. Depression is predominantly seen amongst young women who are transitioning into adulthood. Teenagers are at a point in their lives where they come face to face with the reality of peer pressure and a milestone in becomingRead MoreEssay on Teen Depression1653 Words   |  7 PagesClinical depression is capable of ruining the future. In a few years, teenagers will be moving up in the world and beginning their lives as contributing members of society. Each one of them will have a job, and will encounter countless other individuals. The dilemma that the world faces is about 17% of teenagers will suffer from depression before they become adults (Canada). This impacts connections not only in t he political/business world, but their personal lives and growth as well. TeenageRead MoreDepression And Its Effects On Teens1268 Words   |  6 Pagesuntreated, even a lifetime. An estimated 350 million people of all ages suffer from depression. Of these affected, one in eight teens suffer from this disease (World Health Organization, para. 1). Depression is an attenuating disease, affecting teens at an increasing rate, and it is essential for one to know what teenage depression is, how depression affects teenagers and what can be done to prevent it. Depression in teens is a mental health condition that causes a continuous feeling of sadness overRead MoreTeen Depression : Teenage Depression1477 Words   |  6 Pages Teenage Depression Depression has a major impact on the lives of teenagers; And through analysis it says that teen girls have a higher risk at suffering depression. Depression grows more and more everyday in today s society. While researching more about depression realized that teenage girls are at a higher risk for depression. Depression is an common and serious medical illness that negatively affectsRead MoreTeen Depression Essay1525 Words   |  7 PagesTeen depression is a serious condition causing persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest in activities. It affects a teenager’s way of thinking , feelings and behaviour, and it can cause emotional, functional and physical problems. Although depression can occur at any time in life, symptoms may be different between teens and adults. Various issues such as peer pressure, academic expectations and changing bodies like weight gain in females can bring a lot of ups and downs for teens. But

Lord of the Flies by William Golding - 733 Words

Laws and rules are what set people apart from savagery. Leaders are what keep a group alive in times of crisis. In Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, Piggy is the only character who remains civil and does not turn to savagery. The boys notice his appearance more than his brain which blinds them from seeing his intelligence, patience, and rationality. Piggys intelligence is unmatched by anyone on the island. The kids are panicking because they have just seen the beast and no one can light the fire, aside from Piggy who remains calm. â€Å"Weve got no fire. That thing sits up there-well have to stay here,† (29) Ralph says grievously. Piggy stays calm and is the one who actually takes time to think about the situation. He suggests to move the fire down next to the campsite which Ralph agrees with. Later when Jack leaves, Ralph does not know what to do and turns to Piggy and asks, Piggy, what are we going to do?(139). Ralph looks to Piggy when he is uncertain or hesitant for guidance. He knows that Piggy can think and trusts his decisions. Jack is fighting Ralph when Piggy says, â€Å" Ralph-- remember what we came for. The fire. My specs† (177). Piggy reminds Ralph of the real importance of what their doing and to not get side tract with Jack. Piggy knows what needs to happen in order for him and everyone to survive. He is one of, if not the only, boy on the island who can make a truly intelligent decision. Piggy, apart form being the most knowledgeable person, he has theShow MoreRelatedLord Of The Flies By William Golding869 Words   |  4 PagesLord of the Flies Psychology Sometimes people wear fake personas like a cloak over their shoulders, used to hide what is really underneath. This harsh reality is witnessed in William Golding’s classic Lord of the Flies, a novel that is famous for not only its sickening plot, but also for the emotional breakdowns all of its characters experience. These issues are akin to those shown in certain real-world psychological experiments. A summary of Golding’s Lord of the Flies, combined with the evidenceRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies By William Golding1347 Words   |  6 Pages The theme of The Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, is the reason society is flawed is because people are flawed. Although Piggy is knowledgeable, he has many flaws including his laziness and physical inabilities. Ralph is an authority seeker. He sets rules and laws, yet does little to enforce them. Ralph wants to be the ruler, without doing the work to enforce his laws. Jack is persistent. He is rude, harsh and violent in or der to get what he wants. He wants to be supreme. Piggy’s flaws areRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding1123 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel Lord of The Flies by William Golding, the characters Ralph, Piggy, and Jack represent important World War II leaders Franklin Roosevelt, Adolf Hitler, and Winston Churchill. Golding, who had served in World War II, was well aware of the savagery created, and used it to base his book on. Ralph represents Franklin Roosevelt , Jack represents Adolf Hitler, and Piggy represents Winston Churchill. Ralph being of the novel’s main protagonist is important in the outcome of the story becauseRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies By William Golding1065 Words   |  5 PagesThe Lord of the Flies Essay The Lord of the Flies written by William Golding and published on September 17, 1954 is a story told about a group of stranded boys and their fight for survival against the wilderness and themselves. In this story many signs of symbolism are used by Golding to point out certain aspects of society that Golding thought strongly of. This story on first read may just seem to be a survival- esque piece of literature but, on a deeper look one can find Golding’s true motiveRead MoreLord of The Flies by William Golding619 Words   |  2 PagesGovernments are no different; they fight for power just like the rest of us do. They just do it on a much bigger scale. Qualities from Oligarchy, Totalitarianism, Democracy, Dictatorship, and Anarchy governments are used in several parts of Lord of The Flies that represent different characters and different situations. An Oligarchy is a small group of people having control of a country or organization. A Totalitarianism government is a form of government that permits no individual freedom and thatRead MoreThe Lord of the Flies by William Golding1306 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Lord of the Flies, William Golding creates a microcosm that appears to be a utopia after he discharged from the British Royal Navy following World War II. After an emergency landing, Golding places a diverse group of boys on the island that soon turns out to be anything but utopia. The island the boys are on turns out to be an allegorical dystopia with inadequate conditions (Bryfonski 22). The boys reject all lessons they learned from their prior British society, and they turn towards theirRead MoreLord of the Flies by William Golding932 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussing two particular themes from a novel called Lord of the Flies by William Golding. Lord of the Flies was written in 1954 after World War II. Ruler of the Flies is a purposeful anecdote about something that many readers can’t really describe. Individuals cant choose precisely what. Its either about the inalienable underhanded of man, or mental battle, or religion, or personal inclination, or the creators emotions on war; however William Golding was in the Navy throughout World War II, or perhapsRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding1383 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Lord of the Flies is still a Blueprint for Savagery by Eleanor Learmonth and Jenny Tabakoff, the words â€Å"I’m afraid. Of us† first appeared in Golding’s novel 60 years ago. Lord of the Flies by William Golding follows a group of schoolboys trapped on an island after a plane crash during a world war. At the beginning, they celebrate as the y have total autonomy as there are no adults around. They attempt to establish a civilization but when order collapses, they go on a journey from civilizationRead MoreLord of the Flies, by William Golding1055 Words   |  5 Pages In William Goldings Lord of the Flies a group of English school boys crash land onto an uninhabited island somewhere in the Mid Atlantic ocean. Ralph, the protagonist and also the elected leader, tries to maintain peace and avoid any calamity on the island. However, Jack is neither willing to contribute nor listen because he is jealous of Ralph and has a sickening obsession with killing boars. Ralph has some good traits that help him maintain peace and balance for a period of time. He is charismaticRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pages Outline Introduction Short intro for Lord of the Flies Short intro on Gangs The bullying and group mentality demonstrated in gangs has resemblances to the characters in Lord of the Flies. II. Bullying/Group mentality Gangs Drugs/Loyalty B. Lord of the flies Jack kills the pig/Jack and Ralph fight III. Effects B. Lord of the flies Jack killing the pig aftermath Violence IV. Conclusion Gangs are considered a group of people that have a common link together

The Medieval Education System Free Essays

It seems evident that due to it’s limited access via social castes as well as it’s provincial ideology once attained, education before the 1800’s played a limited role in the history of Education. From the rhetoric-based Greek age of Plato and Aristotle to colonial America, education was mostly an elitist institution that was inaccessible to most and, if one was so privileged as to attain it, full of hackneyed, non-progressive ritual; thus making its’ impact evident mostly in history textbooks. In Greek times it is clear that true education was limited those with much free time and/or the means to pay for private tutors. We will write a custom essay sample on The Medieval Education System or any similar topic only for you Order Now Due to this, the vast majority of those who were educated were among the small upper class. Elitist â€Å"education† was largely based on the ability to speak and persuade; a tool only truly necessary to those who were socially powerful. The later Roman education system was, although theoretically more accessible due to more schools, very similar to that of the Greeks. Those who were â€Å"truly educated† were well versed in Latin and were able to speak efficiently. However, when the Roman power system shifted from political to military, the valued vocation changed in correlation with the valued focus of education. The role of the orator diminished as the role of the soldier increased. In the Greco-Roman times education as an institution was geared to those with time and money, therefore few were able to partake. Clearly if only a small percentage of the populace, in any culture or time-period, has access to information, the impact of that information on society and future generations, as a whole, will be limited. The medieval education systems’ institutions have impacted Education comparably to those of the Greco-Roman period; which isn’t saying much. This is due, once again, to the grossly exagerated social caste system that existed during this period. The immense majority of the population had no time for education their lives were consumed by a constant struggle to survive. With all wealth concentrated on the minute land owning populace as well as the Church, education for most was the passing down of a trade from generation to generation as well as basic communication skills. The only â€Å"institutions† were those that were established by, or in order to promote, the good of the Church. Parish, monastic, chantry, and cathedral schools were the extent of medieval education. With all four of these types of schools contributing to one common it is easy to see that the influence of education was limited. Although the ideas taught during the medieval period were, for the most part, rehashed tradition fueled by religious propagandists, highlights such as studium generale and universitas planted seeds for future growth. Once again, however, due to the exclusiveness of educational opportunities concentrated on those with status, power and, money, the impact on Education that the middle ages had was limited. In contrast to its’ insular curriculum of the Greco-Roman period and its’ monopolization by the church during the medieval period, education during the renaissance became â€Å"enlightened. † As religion was called into question, and the middle class began developing, the educational stagnation of the middle ages also evolved. How to cite The Medieval Education System, Papers

Role of Attitudes and Job Satisfaction †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Role of Attitudes and Job Satisfaction. Answer: Introduction The happier the employees are, the more productive they tend to be. It is one of the key arguments stated by number of authors and researchers in their researchers based on developing a relationship between the performance of the employees and their attitude. There is a big confusion and argumentative discussions among the researchers on the subject of employee attitudes and job satisfaction. The most important factor for any business organisation is to make huge profits and enhanced global reach. But these objectives are completely dependent on one key factor i.e. the human resources or the organisational employees. To attain the desired goals, it is required to have highly motivated workforce in the organisations which is probably possible by analysing the attitude of the employees and their respective job satisfaction (Ashkanasy and Humphrey, 2011). Enormous researchers and the studies validate that there is a strong reaction between both the aspects i.e. the motivation of the emp loyees and their attitude and job satisfaction. Organisational behaviour on the other hand also gets influenced with the attitude of the employees and the job satisfaction they possess. For the organisations to achieve rapid growth and long-term sustainability, it is essential that there must be strong and positive organisational behaviour as it is the key factor that boosts the morale of the employees and helps the organisations to retain them for a much longer time period. The key emphasis of the report will be on the impacts of attitudes and job satisfaction on the employees motivation at work and the organisational behaviour (Avey, et al., 2011). Overview of Attitudes and Job satisfaction and Organisational Behaviour Job Attitudes The job attitudes are the significant element of an organisational success and growth. Such type of job attitudes helps in determining the sense of social responsibility, motivation and satisfaction level in an individual. The organisations have a key emphasis on their selection process as it is very essential to be ensured that the employees possess a right and correct attitude. The employee selection is the key house where there is performed an analysis of matching of the job and the attitude of the individual. The performance outcomes of the employees have a key role of their individual attitudes as these job related attitudes either motivates or de-motivate an employee which reflects in the performance outcomes (Aziri, 2011). Job Satisfaction Job satisfaction is multidimensional aspect which has several meanings but from an overall perspective and broader sense, job satisfaction shows the level at which the individuals are contended with their job. The work-related satisfaction is termed as the job satisfaction which the employees gained from their working. It is also identified and analysed by several theorists that the more satisfied the employees are with their jobs delivers more efficient and productive results to the organisations. thus, the organisations take number of initiatives to enhance the job satisfaction of the employees by offering them incentives, work life balance, improved working environment and many other potential things to enhance their motivational level (Bakker and Schaufeli, 2008). Organisational Behaviour Organisational behaviour can be understood as the study of way the individuals have an interaction within the organisational groups. The study of organisational behaviour is more valuable in developing more effective and sound business organisations. The key notion of the study is to develop a scientific approach which can be applied to the management of the employees in an organisation. There are various theories of organisational behaviour which are used for managing the human resources for maximising the output of the individuals from every organisational group (Bowling, 2010). Impact of Attitudes and Job satisfaction on Organisational Behaviour The attitudes of the employees at their workplace or the job attitudes can be understand as the evaluative statements which might be favourable or unfavourable for the organisation depending upon the factors such as the objects, individuals or events. The attitudes show the way in which the employees sense about anything taking place in the organisation. There is vital importance of the attitude of the employees in respect with their jobs as it demonstrates whether the individuals are happy or unhappy with their work. There is a theory which demonstrates the robust relationship among the attitudes and behaviour named as self-perception theory. According to this theory, the people decide upon their attitudes and feelings by performing a self-analysis of their behaviour in diverse situations (Bushra, Ahmad and Naveed, 2011). The attitudes of the employees are highly significant and it is essential that the organisational managers must have their in-depth understanding to manage the wor kforce. It is important to analyse that which employee will be motivated by which specific benefit according to their respective attitudes towards their job for developing a better association with the organisational employees (Colquitt, et al., 2011). Thus, if the organisational managers tends to perform activities which can help in reduction of the differences and conflicts of the individuals and support then in developing a positive work related attitude then it will help in developing a better organisation behaviour as well as enhanced level of employee engagement and increased organisational productivity (Waring, 2016). On the other hand, the attitude possesses by the managers towards the organisational employees also have a key role in defining the attitude of the employees for their jobs which can be either positive or negative. The positive attitude of managers supports a better flow of communication among the employees and the managers which results in faster resolution of the conflicts and issues and developing improved organisational behaviour (Griffin and Moorhead, 2011). There has been identified a direct and strong association between the organisational behaviour and organisational commitment as well as job satisfaction of the employees. There are several times when realised that the job related attitudes and job satisfaction of the employees poses a great impact upon the organisational behaviour primarily on the basis of the perception and attitude of the employees related to level of equity in the organisations. if the employees possess an attitude that the organisational managers do not maintain an equity in their behaviour and fairness in the pay of the employees then it may result in decrease level of job satisfaction which ultimately deteriorates the overall organisational behaviour (Jones and Jones, 2010). Whereas if the employees have an attitude or perception that the managers are highly fair and adopt an equitable approach in managing the workforce then it results in higher job satisfaction among the employees and they strive hard to accom plish the objectives and goals of the organisation which improves the organisational behaviour. Positive attitude reflects improved level of job satisfaction among the employees and higher engagement with the work and workplace for a sustainable period of time. There can be seen that when there is improved organisational behaviour and increased job satisfaction then it results in increased level of organisational commitment which helps the organisation in retaining the employees for a much longer period (Joo and Park, 2010). Impact of Attitudes and Job satisfaction on employees motivation at work As per the concepts of attitude developed by Hertzberg, the motivation of an employee towards work is best explained and understood when there is understanding of the respective attitude of that employee. It is the internal concept of attitude that occurs from a state of mind and at the time of exploring, there is attained most relevant and significant information by the organisational managers in respect with the motivation of the employees. The study of the feeling of the individuals in respect with their work or the attitudes, the theory of Hertzber clearly answers three major questions. The first answer is in respect with the question that in what manner the individuals specify the attitudes of the organisational employees in respect with their job, the causes behind attitudes and the various consequences of the attitudes. According to the two factor theory of Herzberg, there are developed two distinct lists of factors that help in analysing about the attitude of the employees (K han, Dongping and Ghauri, 2014). In the two distinct lists, the first is the set of the factors that demonstrates the factors that may result in good attitude because of the contended feelings and all these factors are majorly related to organisational tasks. The second list contai9ns the factors that are resulted in unhappiness or bad attitude as they are not intended to have a direct relation with the job rather are concerned with the surroundings of the individuals job. According to the first group that is of the motivational factors that leads to higher job satisfaction includes growth possibilities, advancements, increased responsibilities, work itself, recognition for work and achievement (Voon, et al., 2011). The second group as per the theory consist of the hygiene factors that includes association with peer group, salary, working conditions, association with higher authorities, subordinates and supervisors, company policy and supervision. These factors show the attitude of the employees in respect with thei r work. It is identified that the motivational group refers to the factors intrinsic that are within the work only such as recognition gained once the task is accomplished. On the other hand, the hygiene group tends to include the extrinsic factors for example the association with the peer group that exactly is not a specific part of the job (Kim and Brymer, 2011). There can be explained a direct association with the employees job satisfaction and the Hertzberg two factor theory. If the motivation comprises of only those elements that advances action over time, then the motivators are considered as factors which promotes high level of job satisfaction and long-running attitudes (Miner, 2015). According to the theory developed by Hertzberg, the motivators results in development of positive job attitudes among the employees as they tend to satisfy the self actualisation needs of the individuals in the organisations which help them to reach their ultimate goals. And the motivators possess a potential to develop high level of job satisfaction but in the absence of these motivators, there does not ate place any kind of dissatisfaction. But on the other hand, the hygiene factors of motivation has the potential to develop the sense of dissatisfaction among the employees as they just simple move and have a temporary action upon their job attitudes and satisfaction levels (Lumley, et al., 2011). Theoretical framework explaining the Impact of Attitudes and Job satisfaction on employees motivation at work The impact of job satisfaction and attitudes on the employees motivation at work can be better understood with a theoretical framework. The framework explains that there are several factors in the organisation that are linked with each other and those factors include attitude of the leaders and the employees, job satisfaction, job commitment, training and motivation. All these have a combined impact upon the overall performance of thee employees and the organisation. The employee satisfaction and the overall yield are impacted by the performance of then employees. The organisational managers have a developed notion that the competent workers are necessary for the success of the organisations (Nadiri and Tanova, 2010). There has been analysed a direct relation between the attitude of the employees and the performance of the employees. The performances of the employees can be predicted if they are given behavioural significance at workplace. There are vast studies done of the subject o f organisational behaviour in human resource management. Every organisation develops a set of expectations from the workers and formulates their respective trust, behaviour and attitude. The attitude and behaviour of the leaders can also impact the attitude, belief and behaviour of the employees and increase their performance levels. The attitude of the employees is the most influential factors which develops personality traits at the organisational workplace (Naylor, Pritchard and Ilgen, 2013). According to the studies, the transactional leaders were found to proffer a series o performance based rewards and the directional leaders used to distribute work related to duties to the subordinates for having check over the performance level of the individuals. The performance level of the individuals has a direct association with the motivation of the employees. The attitude of the managers play a significant role in managing the job related attitude and behaviour of the employees. The m angers can take use of their unofficial or official influence for shaping the jobs of the employees. For achieving the belief of the employees, it is essential that the managers must pass on confidence to the workers. The managers can have an impact upon the attitude of the employees by psychologically influencing them to erect improved performance and upsurge the job satisfaction of the employees (Reisel, 2010). Once the employees as well as the managers develop a positive set of work related attitudes, there is developed high level of job satisfaction among the employees as they felt contended and happy with their jobs. There are few of the key factors that have a direct role in developing the attitude of the employees such as management political affairs, working environment, uniqueness of job salary. The higher the uniqueness in the jobs of the employees, the higher is the satisfaction of the employees and so they performance levels (Rich, Lepine and Crawford, 2010). A large number of conclusions in various studies have been made regarding the impact of these job attitudes and job satisfaction upon the motivation level of the employees. The better satisfaction results in higher motivation and vice-versa. The attitude of the employees their respective trust, behaviour and thinking towards the organisations enhances the level of co0mmitment as well as the job performance. The committed empl oyees tends to generate better and higher level of performances which offers them several benefits and increases their job satisfaction which turns out to boost the motivation level of the employees (Robbins and Judge, 2012). The organisations have optimistic impacts from the various trainings offered to them as well as also help in formulating the trust, attitude and behaviour by the means of diverse nature of performance tools and training programs. Once the employees possess a positive attitude through such trainings, it becomes easy to enhance their job satisfaction and the motivation level (Tsai, 2011). There are number of researchers who have identified the employees attitude and job satisfaction are the key sources for developing and increasing the employees performances. The organisations that have high level of motivation are more likely to have continuous growth and improved organisation and employees performances. Thus, the theoretical framework explains that positive att itude of leaders and employees enhances the job satisfaction and job commitment of the employees by the means of training programs and the increased motivation emphasis the employees to work better which results in better organisational and employees performances (Robbins, 2009). Conclusion The attitudes of the employees in respect with their work are one of the key factor in analysing their performances and motivation level. There are various aspects and factors that influence and impact these attitudes such as the attitude of the leaders, workplace environment and many other things. If the employees seek a positive attitude then it results in better performance and less number of issues and conflicts at workplace. On the other hand the employees who have a negative attitude towards their work are less effective and deliver lower productivity with continuous issues in their work. Thus, it is essential that the managers as well as the employees themselves must try to have a positive attitude for their work. These attitudes also have their impact upon the employees performances and the job satisfaction. The successful performance of the employees offers a sense of achievement to the employees as well as attainment of benefits such as recognitions, rewards, increased pay, promotion, etc. and all these factors leads to upsurge level of satisfaction among the employees which raises their motivation and emphasis them to deliver more improved results and have a strong organisational commitment too. Thus, from the overall analysis and insights of the study it can be concluded that the attitudes and job satisfaction plays a significant role in impacting and influencing eth motivation level of the employees as well as the organisational productivity. Thus, it is necessary to have a more positive attitude tow3ards work to achieve sustainable growth and satisfaction in the organisations. References Ashkanasy, N.M. and Humphrey, R.H., 2011. Current emotion research in organizational behavior.Emotion Review,3(2), pp.214-224. Avey, J.B., Reichard, R.J., Luthans, F. and Mhatre, K.H., 2011. Meta?analysis of the impact of positive psychological capital on employee attitudes, behaviors, and performance.Human resource development quarterly,22(2), pp.127-152. Aziri, B., 2011. JOB SATISFACTION: A LITERATURE REVIEW.Management Research Practice,3(4). Bakker, A.B. and Schaufeli, W.B., 2008. Positive organizational behavior: Engaged employees in flourishing organizations.Journal of organizational behavior,29(2), pp.147-154. Bowling, N.A., 2010. Effects of job satisfaction and conscientiousness on extra-role behaviors.Journal of Business and Psychology,25(1), pp.119-130. Bushra, F., Ahmad, U. and Naveed, A., 2011. Effect of transformational leadership on employees' job satisfaction and organizational commitment in banking sector of Lahore (Pakistan).International journal of Business and Social science,2(18). Colquitt, J., Lepine, J.A., Wesson, M.J. and Gellatly, I.R., 2011.Organizational behavior: Improving performance and commitment in the workplace. McGraw-Hill Irwin. Griffin, R.W. and Moorhead, G., 2011.Organizational behavior. Cengage Learning. Jones, G.R. and Jones, G.R., 2010. Organizational theory, design, and change. Joo, B.K. and Park, S., 2010. Career satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention: The effects of goal orientation, organizational learning culture and developmental feedback.Leadership Organization Development Journal,31(6), pp.482-500. Khan, I., Dongping, H. and Ghauri, T.A., 2014. Impact of Attitude on Employees Performance: A Study of Textile Industry in Punjab, Pakistan.World Applied Sciences Journal,30, pp.191-197. Kim, W.G. and Brymer, R.A., 2011. The effects of ethical leadership on manager job satisfaction, commitment, behavioral outcomes, and firm performance.International Journal of Hospitality Management,30(4), pp.1020-1026. Lumley, E.J., Coetzee, M., Tladinyane, R. and Ferreira, N., 2011. Exploring the job satisfaction and organisational commitment of employees in the information technology environment.Southern African Business Review,15(1), pp.100-118. Miner, J.B., 2015.Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. Nadiri, H. and Tanova, C., 2010. An investigation of the role of justice in turnover intentions, job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior in hospitality industry.International journal of hospitality management,29(1), pp.33-41. Naylor, J.C., Pritchard, R.D. and Ilgen, D.R., 2013.A theory of behavior in organizations. Academic Press. Reisel, W.D., Probst, T.M., Chia, S.L., Maloles, C.M. and Knig, C.J., 2010. The effects of job insecurity on job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior, deviant behavior, and negative emotions of employees.International Studies of Management Organization,40(1), pp.74-91. Rich, B.L., Lepine, J.A. and Crawford, E.R., 2010. Job engagement: Antecedents and effects on job performance.Academy of management journal,53(3), pp.617-635. Robbins, S.P. and Judge, T., 2012. Essentials of organizational behavior. Robbins, S.P., 2009.Organizational Behavior, 13/E. Pearson Education India. Tsai, Y., 2011. Relationship between organizational culture, leadership behavior and job satisfaction.BMC health services research,11(1), p.98. Voon, M.L., Lo, M.C., Ngui, K.S. and Ayob, N.B., 2011. The influence of leadership styles on employees job satisfaction in public sector organizations in Malaysia.International Journal of Business, Management and Social Sciences,2(1), pp.24-32. Waring, S.P., 2016.Taylorism transformed: Scientific management theory since 1945. UNC Press Books.

BCS vs. Playoff

BCS vs. Playoff Free Online Research Papers BCS vs. Playoff? When you take a look at the NCAA division one college sports across the country you notice they all have a similarity. Sports such as basketball, baseball, lacrosse, soccer, field hockey, ice hockey, boxing, and even swimming all obtain this similarity. That would be that no matter how long the regular season is or how each sport is played their playoff format is the same. Now not all the playoffs are exactly the same nor does the same amount of teams make the playoffs for each sport, but the champion will all be crowned in the same way. The playoffs are started off with each team gets seated from best to worst. Some sports put the teams into brackets; this is usually common in the larger tournaments such as basketball and baseball. The best team gets matched up versus the worst team in the tournament and the remaining teams are matched up accordingly based on the teams left. Then from there it is single elimination where the winner moves on and the losers’ season is over. Th is continues until there are only two teams left that will compete in the championship. Winner of this game is crowned national champion of their respected sport as they were the last team remaining in their playoff. All these sports never have any controvery about how their postseason is run. Now you may have noticed that I left one major sport out of this group. It was no mistake because football is not run this way, thus the major controversy of the college football postseason. The word playoff does not exist in division one NCAA college football. They run what is called the BCS system. BCS stands for bowl championship series where the best teams in college football are ranked from best to worst based on computer systems calculations of many combinations such as national ranking, strength of schedule, and quality wins. It ranks the top 20 teams in college football so the best of the best can be separated from the rest and the common fan can see who is in contention for the BCS. Now the top ten teams make the BCS but it is not always the top ten teams in the BCS. Some conferences have automatic bids into the BCS meaning the champion of this conference will make the BCS now matter what their BCS ranking is. The only catch is you have to have more wins than loses to be in the BCS. The conferences that have these automatic bids are: ACC, Big East, Big 10, Big 12, PAC 10, and the SEC. That alone is six out of the ten team’s right there. That only leaves four at large bids for teams that did not win their conferences. Now don’t forget there are mid major conferences that don’t get automatic bids that still can make the BCS, but it is very hard for that to happen. Out of these ten teams that get selected to the BCS by the committee they compete in one of five games. Of those five games, four of them are bowl games such as: the Fiesta Bowl in Phoenix, the Orange Bowl in Miami, the Rose Bowl in Las Angeles, and the Sugar Bowl in New Orleans. The top two teams in the nation compete in what is called the BCS National Championship. It is played in one of the four cities mentioned above (it alternates every four years between each host). Now the winners of those BCS bowl games don’t get anything special or move on to another round of games to be played. They just get that win and crowned champion of that specific bowl. The winner of the National Championship is crowned the champ for the football season. That’s it, just win one game and you’re the champion. No playoff or nothing, just on postseason game. Now to me that doesn’t make much sense. Since only ten teams make the BCS, the rest of the college football teams that advance into the postseason compete in bowl games. Now their importance is not as significant as the BCS, but pride for their respected school is always at battle here. There are currently 34 bowl games that are not included in the BCS, but this could always increase in the future because the committee is always in favor of increasing the amount of teams that advance to the postseason. To qualify for a bowl game you only have to win six games. Once you win six games in your regular season you are eligible for the postseason. Now more teams qualify for the bowl games than the sixty eight teams are best. So the best teams are picked based on matchups, locations, and which respected conference the team resides in. You cannot play a team you played in the regular season in a bowl game and you cannot play a team within your conference in a bowl game. Bowl games are just like the BCS in the way that there is no t another round after you win that, your season ends on that win. You are playing to be crowned the champion of a specific bowl game, rather than for the right to the National Champion. It has been like this in college football since the 1800’s and since 1960 when the BCS was added. Their seems to be no signs of change anytime soon, but the arguments are at a true peak and maybe in the future this system of postseason will be abolished and a playoff will actually exist in the world of college football. I think that everyone realizes that college football is rich in tradition and everyone respects that. However, this is modern America where most people want it their way and want things to change in what they believe is right. If you ask around most people will agree that a playoff is more than necessary for college football Why would a change to a playoff make sense? I know it would make it similar to every other college sport postseason that are run successfully. Other than that what are the advantages to making this drastic change? Well not only would the playoff be good for the fans it would be good for the teams as well. Instead of one game to win for basically pride, teams would be competing at the chance to be a National Champion. Due to this the competitiveness in these games increase because the players will actually see there is something worth playing and winning for. Currently the playoffs and the Bowl games are played almost a month after the regular season is over. Now that is about four weeks of extra practice for these teams to play one meaningless game. If a playoff were added to college football you could start the tournament the following week preceding the end of the season and get right to business. So once teams lose they are done and they don’t have to waste a month of prac tice for nothing. Though the playoff will create more games for the players and some people think it will be too much for their young bodies to handle, but if you think about it they will be playing these games over the weeks where they would be practicing so the amount of time actually playing football will be the same. Instead there will be a game at the end of those weeks, and fewer teams will be competing this late in the year. In fact the champion will be crowned around the same time it is now so the amount of work on the kids will not be too much. Players today are nothing what they were like backing in the 1800’s and even the 1960’s for that matter. Due to technology and the modern day weight room’s athletes have been able to become bigger, stronger, and faster than ever before. They love to compete and will do whatever it takes to win, players never want the season to end, the competiveness runs throughout their blood and is left on the field of game day . When deciding on whether or not the playoff should be added to college football, you can use other college sports as a reference to compare with. Take college basketball for instance, some would say that the NCAA March Madness is the most successful and entertaining playoff in all of sports (including professional sports). The reason it is so exciting is because every team in the tournament has an equal chance to win the championship. No matter where you start in the tournament the champion has to win six games in a row to win the big dance. As well as this, there are so many upsets in the March Madness. An upset is when the team that was not expected to win or supposed to win actually beats the team that is far superior to them. Teams of lower ranks that make big runs in the tournament are called Cinderella teams. Everyone roots for the Cinderella teams and when their playing everyone is watching them. A good example of a Cinderella team is the 1985 Villanova Wildcats. In 1985 the Villanova Wildcats were an eight seed in the March Madness tournament out of a possible sixteen. So this team was average at best and no one expected to do anything, win one game at most. They won their first game 51-49 over the nine seed Dayton. A two point victory over a team very similar to their abilities. Nothing to get excited about and in the second round game they had to play the number one seed Michigan Wolverines. Michigan was heavily favored to beat Villanova and some would say they were favored to win the entire tournament. Villanova shocked the world when they beat Michigan 59-55 and advanced to the sweet sixteen. Their next game was no easy task as Villanova played the five seed Maryland Terrapins. Villanova came out on top with another close victory of 46-43. Then in the regional finals Villanova was set to face the very talented two seed, the North Carolina Tar Heels. Villanova shocked the world with a stunning performance on their way to a 56-44 victory. Never in do ubt this Cinderella story continued to ride their hot streak. By the final four everyone wanted Villanova to win the whole thing, but still not one actually thought it would happen. After beating another two seed in Memphis State 52-45 in the final four, Villanova was going to the finals. Waiting for them there was the number one team in the nation, a team nobody could beat, the Georgetown Hoyas. With Patrick Ewing leading the way for the Hoyas no one was giving Villanova a chance. It was time for this Cinderella team’s fairy tale to end. The championship was a brutal and physical game. A fight to the finish, basically a blood war out on the court. Then Georgetown made possibly the biggest mistake in the history of college basketball. Their starting point guard was looking for someone to pass to and and turned and literally passed it to a wide open Villanova player who took it for a layup and Villanova won the championship 66-64. It was the perfect fairy tale ending for the C inderella story team of a lifetime. Possibly the most magical NCAA March Madness tournament ever, and college football would never know what it’s like to have this feeling. Without the playoff football will never expierence this type of magic that is still being talked about 25 years after the event happened. Nothing can compare to this. Football can never have Cinderella’s such as Villanova because the playoff system doesn’t exist. The smaller and not as skilled schools never get the chance to compete for a championship because the rankings never think they’re as good as the powerhouses because they don’t play the competition the bigger schools play. An example of when the BCS was wrong was in 2007 when the heavily favored Oklahoma Sooners faced the Boise State Broncos in the Fiesta Bowl. Before the season started Oklahoma was ranked in the top five of the country and was a National Champion contender. They lost a couple games early due to injury, but finished the season real strong and won the Big 12 outright to earn the automatic bid into Fiesta Bowl. Now Boise State was not expected to compete for a National Championship at the beginning of the season but they pulled off an undefeated regular season and went 12-0. Many people thought this was due to an easy schedule and no real compet ition was ever played. Boise earned one of the four at large bids and was matched up with Oklahoma in the Fiesta Bowl. Almost everyone thought this was a mistake and that Boise State did not belong in the BCS. Boise State was out to prove everyone wrong and boy did they ever do that. Boise State got out to a fast start and was up 14-0 fast and before you knew it they were winning 21-10 at halftime. Boise State continued to roll after the break and scored another touchdown to be up 28-10. Oklahoma finally showed up and started to look like a team with something to prove. Maybe they took Boise State to light at first, but they’re not about to let this game slip away. Oklahoma scored two strait touchdowns and a field goal to tie the game up at 28-28 with one minute and 30 seconds left. Then Boise State did the unthinkable and threw an interception to Oklahoma which they returned for a touchdown, and now with basically one minute left in the game Boise State was winning 35-28. Ev eryone thought it was just Boise State crumbling like they were supposed to and Oklahoma was going to win. Then probably the best play in the history of college football happened. Boise State completed a 15 yard pass and looked like all was over, then all of a sudden the receiver laterals the ball to another Boise State player bolting down the sideline for a touchdown. The old hook and ladder play and just like that this game was going into overtime. Oklahoma scored a touchdown first in overtime and then Boise State matched that with one of their own, but instead of going for the tie Boise State goes for the win and the two point conversion. With more tricks up their sleeve Boise State successfully runs the Statue of Liberty play for the two points and wins the game 45-44. The best game ever played in the history of the BCS. Boise State shocked the world just as Villanova did 22 years before this. However, it was too bad that this team never had the chance to compete for a champions hip. In the BCS teams do get to prove themselves and make a name for them, but they never get to compete for any type of championship. Sure they win the specific bowl game, but what does that matter. If you’re not from a BCS major conference and you don’t compete in a conference championship you’re never going to compete in the BCS National Championship game. In a tournament teams get to prove themselves time and time again and the potential two best teams won’t just always play each other in the title game. That’s another point to bring across right there. Who is to say that the two teams picked for the National Championship are in fact the two best teams? It is not for certain because it is just a bunch of sports writers with their own opinon and the computer system. Are we really going to leave the decision to decide who battles it out at the end for a national championship with a computer? The only thing they truly know about the teams is the number s that were put into their program. They can’t actually watch the games or physically know how the teams play. They are solely based on numbers and who should mathematically play for the championship. Last time I checked this was not mathematics class, this was college football, I know the athletes are students first but this is taking that a little too extreme. These weaker and smaller teams will never be able to prove themselves until a playoff is added in to the college football postseason. Aside from the weaker teams that are actually good, the smaller schools that are bad have zero percent chance to actually compete for a national championship. In basketball due to the fact the winner of each conference tournament championship goes to the tournament, no matter how bad your season is you still have the possibility to make the playoffs. In football if you lose one game you’re almost automatically eliminated from the National Champion contention, and if you lose more games then you win then your season is over. Though it is true that those teams do not deserve to make the postseason, but at least in basketball there is still the possibility of this actually happening. As stated early in football there is zero percent chance of any small school that is off an average or subpar record to compete for a national championship or yet alone even get invited to participate in a bowl game. The major controversy of the college football season is the postseason or better known as the BCS. The format of just a one game postseason is absurd and not a true champion is crowned. Without a playoff with tournament style elimination no real team can truly call themselves the champion. Problems of you don’t know if the two best teams were picked, the smaller schools don’t get the chance to compete in the championship game, no Cinderella magic will ever occur, and over half of the teams don’t’ even have a chance to make the championship game before the season even starts. Now this doesn’t fair to me and something must be done. The playoff will resolve all of these conflicts and a fairer, exciting, and enjoyable college football postseason would be created. NCCA Davison one athletics all have a playoff to crown a champion, except for football. Let’s get football the join with the rest of the country and experience the magic that everyone i s talking about. Research Papers on BCS vs. PlayoffTrailblazing by Eric AndersonThe Hockey GameThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationResearch Process Part OneHip-Hop is ArtRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanThe Project Managment Office SystemMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductLifes What IfsIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in Capital

Peter Abelard - Philosopher and Teacher

Peter Abelard - Philosopher and Teacher Peter Abelard was also known as: Pierre Abà ©lard; also spelled Abeillard, Abailard, Abaelardus, and Abelardus, among other variations Peter Abelard was known for: his significant contributions to Scholasticism, his great ability as a teacher and writer, and his infamous love affair with his student, Heloise. Occupations: MonasticPhilosopher TheologianTeacherWriter Places of Residence and Influence: France Important Dates: Died: April 21, 1142 Quotation from Peter Abelard: This first key of wisdom is defined, of course, as assiduous or frequent questioning. Sic et Non, translated by W. J. Lewis More Quotations by Peter Abelard About Peter Abelard: Abelard was the son of a knight, and he gave up his inheritance to study philosophy, particularly logic; he would become renowned for his brilliant use of dialectics. He attended many different schools seeking knowledge from a variety of teachers, and often came into conflict with them because he was so headstrong and certain of his own brilliance. (The fact that he really was brilliant didnt help matters.) By 1114 Peter Abelard was teaching in Paris, where he met and tutored Heloise and became a notable figure of the twelfth-century Renaissance. As a philosopher, Peter Abelard is well-remembered for his solution to the problem of universals (definitive qualities of any given class of things): he maintained that language itself cannot determine the reality of things, but that physics must do so. He also wrote poetry, which was very well received, and established several schools. In addition to these scholarly efforts, Abelard wrote a letter to a friend, which has come down to us as the Historia Calamitatum (Story of My Misfortunes). Together with letters written to him by Heloise, it provides a great deal of information about Abelards personal life. Peter Abelards affair with Heloise (whom he had married) came to an abrupt end when her uncle, wrongly believing Abelard was forcing her to become a nun, sent thugs to his house to castrate him. The scholar hid his shame by becoming a monk, and his philosophical focus shifted from logic to theology. Abelards subsequent career was extremely rocky; he was even condemned as a heretic at one point, and the work the Church deemed heretical was burned. Because Abelard was so cocksure, applied logic so ruthlessly to matters of faith, criticized anything he found worthy of contempt and frequently insulted fellow clerics, he was not well-loved by his contemporaries. However, even his harshest critics had to concede that Peter Abelard was one of the greatest thinkers and teachers of his time. For more about Peter Abelard, his relationship with Heloise, and the events that followed, visit  A Medieval Love Story.   More Peter Abelard Resources: A Medieval Love StoryOnline Text of Abelards Historia CalamitatumQuotations by Peter AbelardAbelard and Heloise Picture GalleryPeter Abelard on the WebAbelard Heloise on FilmThe link below will take you to an online store, where you can find more information about the film. This is provided as a convenience to you; neither Melissa Snell nor About is responsible for any purchases you make through this link. Stealing HeavenBased on the fictional novel by Marion Meade, this 1989 film was directed by Clive Donner and stars Derek de Lint and Kim Thomson. The text of this document is copyright  ©2000-2015 Melissa Snell. You may download or print this document for personal or school use, as long as the URL below is included. Permission is not granted  to reproduce this document on another website. For publication permission,  please   contact  Melissa Snell. The URL for this document is:http://historymedren.about.com/od/awho/p/who_abelard.htm

Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Research - Essay Example In this paper, I use the characteristics of my five favorite journals to determine how suitable and relevant they are to my nursing profession. My five most favorite journals are The Australian nursing journal, Nephrology nursing journal, Association of operating room nurses AORN journal, American journal of public health, and British medical journal (International edition). All these journals contain information derived from the most current research. They all have several articles that cover a variety of topics. Different publisher has published the journals so in my selection I was not publisher bias. Moreover, they have different editor, which compares with their varying content. Most of these journals have nursing professions as their target audience. However, there are those whose target audience is the medical profession in general. As clearly understood, nursing profession is a medical profession and hence if a journal has medical profession as its target audience then it tar gets the nurses. According to Oermann & Hays (2010), the target audience of a journal can show whether the journal is relevant to a certain profession. Thus using this concept, I can say with confidence that these journals are very important in my training as a nursing student and in my profession as a practicing nurse. Another thing that shows the relevance in these journals as far as nursing profession is concerned is the type of articles they contain. Most of them contain knowledge about evidence based nursing practices and finding of various research undertaken on the medical care field. Nursing profession requires knowledge on evidence based practice and a lot of research for one to be proficient (Webb, 2011). Since all these journals provide this knowledge, they would be very relevant to my profession as a practicing nurse. The Relevance of My Journals To My Future Job   I have read several article in these journal and the knowledge I obtain from them have been very substant ial in my training as a nurse. From these journals, I managed to obtain knowledge on the most recent research undertaken on the health care field one of them being a research taken on Transitioning from peritoneal dialysis to renal transplant that found on the Nephrology nursing journal. From my reading of the journal, I have also come across various articles with very good information and health care. Since the nursing profession is based, on health care, such articles will be very relevant to this profession and thus I expect them to be very important to me as a nurse. According to Webb (2011), the role that research plays in nursing profession cannot be under-estimated. It is known that for a person to be proficient in this profession he should be undertaking research as frequently as possible. These journals contain information about most recent research undertaken by other nursing and medical profession as well as health care practice information. This can be very important to a nursing profession in his process of undertaking research. Since it will be my objective to become as much proficient as possible in nursing, I will be undertaking frequent research and hence these journals will be very relevant to my profession. The Journal I Would Choose and Why All these journals will be very relevant to my profession as a practicing nurse due to the content of the articles they contain. However, the degree of relevance to my profession differs from one journal to the other. This is indicated

Evaluation of Diabetes Mellitus Intervention Plan Essay

Evaluation of Diabetes Mellitus Intervention Plan - Essay Example The paper looks into the evaluation of the intervention plans proposed earlier. Nutrition formed the necessary intervention plan for diabetic patients because of the sensitivity of the condition to blood sugar levels. Blood sugar levels depend directly on the diet adopted by a patient. The evaluation of the nutrition plan looks into the physiological changes in the patients. A clear evaluation plan dictates the success of the dietary intervention programs because adjustments are possible to ascertain the accomplishment of the intended purpose (Ali, Echouffo-Tcheugui & Williamson, 2012). As a change in lifestyle, nutritional adjustment should come with benefits. Evaluation of the intervention plans can take place via three different strategies. With each type designed to ensure the patients suffering from diabetes mellitus comply and exhibit an improvement in their health status. The first method is the formative that entails providing the diabetic patients with information regarding a particular intervention plan. At this stage, the patients must confirm their full comprehension of the beneficial features of the program in question. In the nutritional intervention program, the patients need to be fully aware of the advantages of adjusting their diet. It is mandatory for the nurse to confirm the convenience and suitability of the nutritional program for its intended purpose. Scientific coherence consideration occurs at the informative stage. The second method applicable in the evaluation of the nutritional plan is process evaluation. It is vital for the nurses to have information perception adopted by the patients of the plan. The process evaluation presents a platform through which the nurses can determine the level of interest and willingness of the diabetic patients to embrace the nutritional plan. At this point, based on the reaction of the patients, adjustments are

Healthcare Organisation Internal and External Influences

Healthcare Organisation Internal and External Influences Introduction Constructing a plan of business assists one with the establishment of a new business and assisting it to develop. Most entrepreneurs who build up business plans typically do well opposed to those who do not. A plan of business assists in representing the objective of one’s business. It assists others to be familiar with ones vision concerning the business, in addition to helps one to be clear on what precisely he desires to accomplish in the course of the business. This consecutively assists one to conduct appropriate research regarding the market and assemble adequate information regarding the business he is selecting. Political, economic, and social forces Political, economic, and social forces occupy a significant role when extending health care organizations. It is extremely significant that one cautiously widens the organization to avert as lots of down falls as probable. The political force that occupies a significant function in growth of health care clinic is the funds. It is extremely indispensable that one cautiously illustrates what the funds or money for a business will be utilized for. The entire things have got to be cautiously planned out or instance the budget that would be employed for acquiring the needed equipment, the programs that would be employed, to remunerate the staff, etc.. That is the mainly significant step of all. Social forces that directed the expansion of the clinic were the places of development and its patients. The financial system is continuously shifting; consequently the place of development is significant. One has to establish the clinic in a renowned suburban area when the population are huge in numbers. A business developing in a small area where poverty is higher would be a prospective fall down for an organization or business. Social and Economic conditions that have an effect on people’s lives establish their health. People who are poor are not as much of expected to seek out appropriate medical care, as against to people who are of status of middle-class and above. People with additional money, social status, and education have several choices and power above things, for instance the neighborhoods, occupational opportunities, their salaries, etc. A lot of entrepreneurs not succeed the initial time around. It is merely a risk that individual has to take. Failing the initi al time is sometimes a positive thing. It provides the individual the prospect to perceive where he or she went wrong the initial time around and what can be done to avert that from incident again. It is all regarding learning and experiencing from ones mistakes. Mission Statement A mission statement explains what an organization is, why it subsists, and its cause for being. One’s mission statement at least, must describe who ones principal customers are, recognize the products and services one will construct, and explain the environmental location in which one will function (Mission statement, ). Our mission is to incessantly advance the care and quality of the business and the services we offer. We are in addition committed to making sure that our patients are fine taken care of and that their needs are met. What is a business or corporation devoid of contented customers? It is just similar to taking care of our own. Parents make certain that our children’s needs are met, that they are taken care of, and that they are at all times satisfied. Our objective is to proffer outstanding care and service to our patients and their families. In addition, we desire to ensure that our staff persists to offer our patients with the supreme care and respect that they be worthy of. Our dedication to this business is to do just that. Performance Measures Performance measures in an organization or business are extremely significant. Measuring levels of performance assists in the business success. It assists the business to flourish. Companies are competent to take the results, whether negative or positive, and advance the business. Teams of Community health service must be assessed similarly to any additional health care team, by means of the operational facets of cost, demand, satisfaction of worker, quality, efficiency, and satisfaction of customer (White Griffith, 2010). Performance measures that I would deem employing within the organization would be surveys of patient satisfaction, patient return and comment cards,. Surveys of Patient satisfaction essentially let the patient to rate his or her on the whole experience of the organization of health care. Several times surveys can rate from sturdily agree to firmly disagree or from 1 to 10 with 10 being the finest. Surveys can be conducted in several diverse ways. Surveys can be co mpleted online, on paper, or above the phone. Comment cards are an additional immense source of performance measure. A lot of times comment cards are in the business place and placed in an expedient area for the patient to use. Do not expect a positive feedback merely since somebody fills out a comment card. If one obtains a negative comments card, turn it into a positive. Some might look at it as an awful thing; however I look at it as means to develop the business and keep up the patients contented. Running an organization is not all regarding creation of a profit it is regarding keeping the patients, clients, customers, etc. contented. Devoid of them, how can one profit. An additional performance measure that I would utilize to allow performance would be customer revisits. What I imply is how many patients revisit and how frequently for regular visits. All performance measures are significant. No measure out numbers other since they all offer feedback in some type of means whethe r in words or numbers. Expansions Several entrepreneurs sense the need to expand their clinics. If I were to ever question expanding the clinic, there are a lot of things that I would take into account. Primary thing I would examine if there is a requirement to expand the clinic of healthcare. Secondly, I would check the budget to perceive if there were adequate funds to expand. Whether a manager decides to expand, he or she has to acquire the funds from someplace. Even if the manager choose to borrow money, it is yet essential to verify the budget to perceive if there are adequate funds there to let the business owner to pay back the loan above a phase of time. Another significant key feature to observe when considering expansion is the numeral of staff members on board and the figure of patients. One should not expand when one desires to, but should expand at the right time. Business Plan Business plans are extremely indispensable when in an industry. The foremost purpose of an annual business plan is to establish an action plan and strategy for the business. It is significant to appraise business plans yearly to perceive if anything needs to be changed consecutively to maintain the business operation smoothly. If anything does not have to be changed, it is yet imperative to scrutinize ones business plan yearly to be certain that it can be utilized for another profitable and successful year. Role of the Clinic Our health system is broken and a great deal of the problem relies with the disintegration of our system of delivery which compels low quality and unproductive care in a nation filled with extremely skilled professionals of health care. The US lacks a particular set of policies or national entity to guide the doctors, health care system, and hospitals practicing in the similar community and caring for the similar patients are not â€Å"associated† to each other. Our existing healthcare payment model with a blend of public programs and private insurers each with its individual set rules additional fragments the health care delivery system, causative to high and waste administrative costs. The Affordable Care Act offers prospect for delivery system reform to make certain that patients are getting the accurate care at the accurate time in a collaborative, coordinated, and efficient manner. Healthcare Policy The public healthcare policy has influenced the configuration of outpatient clinics in the system of healthcare in a foremost way. Outpatient care has substantially increased above the year. Outpatient care is lesser expensive to build and operate, meaning that it is additional reasonable than building big hospitals. It is even additional rational for communities in addition. Where I am from more people are inclined to go to the convenient care as a substitute of the hospital for trivial problems. Outpatient care First and foremost, is less costly, and secondly, it is lesser time of waiting. The means that the economy is at the moment and with the rate of unemployment progressively on the rise, outpatient care is more reasonable for many. Even though some outpatient facilities are diverse, meaning a few are larger than others, the structures of business are similar. When I say they are similar, I imply they are comparable as far as in services provided, the cost, care and personal at tention patients obtain, etc. Outpatient facilities are a great deal easier to care for and continue than a large hospital. Conclusion Maintaining an organization of health care is hard work, but somebody has to do it. It is a lot easier if one pursues the procedures and guidelines that are position into place for organizations of such. References Mission statement. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.entrepreneur.com/encyclopedia/mission-statement The importance of creating business plans outlines. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.wahm.com/articles/the-importance-of-creating-business-plan-outlines.html White, K., Griffith, J. (2010). The well-managed healthcare organization. (7th ed., p. 299). Chicago, IL: Library of congress.

Make Way Movie Brats Essay

In the late 1960s to late 1970s, as the veteran directors retired, a new generation gradually took their place. Associated with â€Å"New Hollywood,† these young and diverse directors, often in their late twenties and early thirties, were considered â€Å"movie brats. † These new directors Some of the more famous were Francis Ford Coppola, Stephen Spielberg, and George Lucas; all of whom had an intense awareness of film history, worked with quotations and remakes, and created extremely successful films. With an influx of new directors, it seemed fit that they would take over the industry entirely. However, director Robert Altman, born around twenty years earlier and being significantly older than his â€Å"movie brats† successors, Altman remained essential to the industry. Post mid-1970s, it was less commonplace for efforts to be put toward maintaining Hollywood art cinema. The new directors were focusing on box-office revenue and the production of both action-oriented and youth-oriented, blockbuster films with radiant special effects. Two films that demonstrated such qualities were Steven Spielberg’s Jaws and George Lucas’s Star Wars. Altman persisted for efforts to be continued. He, as well as other older directors like Paul Mazusky and Woody Allen, ventured into the American art cinema. Altman had to work at a rapid pace during the 1970s as he completed more than a dozen films. He also had to compete with the younger generation of Hollywood that was producing huge blockbuster hits. Though rather than trying to create an action flick, Altman stayed true to his roots and produced films primarily based on the character’s emotions rather than plot. Two specific movies in which Altman emphasized shifts from objective reality and subjectivity of the character are Images and 3 Women. In 1970, Altman directed M*A*S*H*; a film praised for its uses of humor with a topic as heavy as the Korean War and for becoming one of the highest grossing films of the year. However, Altman’s films did not always prove to do exceedingly well at the box-office. McCabe and Mrs. Miller and The Long Goodbye created a few years later were generally well received and proved to be moderate earners. His films That Cold Day in the Park, Brewster McCloud, and Thieves Like Us evidently all became box-office disappointments, even though the three generally received good reviews from critics. Although Altman’s movies are not always top box-office earners, they are still habitually the subject of a lot of critical attention. Such is evident with his film Images where the movie didn’t garner a lot of praise for Altman, even though the film might have been considered a peak for other directors. It was released between the films â€Å"McCabe† and â€Å"The Long† and as mentioned previously, they were moderately successful. They received more acclaim and attention resulting in less appreciation of Images upon its release on-screen and it’s availability in today’s time. For this reason, the film can be compared to Francis Coppola’s The Conversation. Although a great movie, it was only considered to be a minor significance to Coppola’s career coming between the crowd pleasers and box-office smash hits The Godfather and The Godfather 2. Images was shot in the wet autumn months of 1971 in Ireland. It premiered at the Cannes Film Festival the following May. It was there that Susannah York won the award for best actress. York credited her role as Cathryn in the film as the role she is most proud of. Although taking home an award, Cannes audiences were primarily confused. Images isn’t the type of film an audience would feel sympathetic towards. It’s somewhat complicated to follow and comes off as cold. However, it’s not as nearly as hard to comprehend as the first reviewers of the movie suggested. As film critic Roger Ebert states, â€Å"[The film] is a technical success but not quite an emotional one. † Because Altman was a hot ticket item in 1971 with M*A*S*H*; Columbia Pictures took the distribution rights of the film and entered it in the New York Film Festival. Unfortunately for Images, neither Vincent Canby nor Roger Greenspan (two dominant film critics for the New York Times) took up the movie to review. It was then left to Howard Thomson, a journalist and film critic for the New York Times nicknamed â€Å"mishmash† for writing brief reviews for films. Thomson made no exception for Images, leaving it only with an imperceptive review. The film never went on to have a traditional commercial release in America. Essentially the film is about a children’s author and housewife Cathryn (Susannah York) who receives several phone calls on a gloomy night in her London home. The voice on the other end is a female stating that Cathryn’s husband Hugh (Rene Auberjonois) is having an affair with another woman. Hugh comes home seeing his wife in grief and tries to comfort her. He vanishes and another man is shown acting as if he was her husband. Frightened at the sight, she screams and backs way, later seeing the figure change back into the â€Å"image† of her husband. Hugh feels that her angst is a result of stress and her budding pregnancy. He takes her to vacation at an isolated cottage in an attempt to relieve some stress. As she stays there, Cathryn dives farther into foreboding delusions as the stranger reappears. It becomes difficult for her to distinguish what is happening in reality and what’s just going on her head. Images shows a lot of subjectivity through its characters because of the extreme personas of the characters and the situations they are placed in. Cathryn begins hearing sounds and hallucinates constantly. She feels guilt sexually after envisioning encounters with two men that are not her husband. One is a sinister Frenchman who asked to be shot by Cathryn to exorcise his ghost. After he apparently falls dead, it is shown that her husband’s expensive camera is all that was really shot. The other man is more realistic, portraying a neighbor who’s infatuated with her and believes Cathryn has rape fantasies and needs strong care. She bares an attraction to him but also feels guilt. She eventually stabs the neighbor with a kitchen knife eventually â€Å"killing† him. The husband Hugh is relatively the only normal character of the film. He never completely comprehends the extent of his wife’s mental horror. Truly having his wife’s best interests in mind and acting as an ideal husband, Hugh thought relocating her to a more isolated place would relieve her of woes. He’s a typical simple American who is addicted to dumb jokes. What Cathryn actually feels about him is only pointed at towards the last 20 minutes of the film where she tries killing off a ghost she incorrectly sees as her other self. Altman’s introduction of his characters and plot comes off as him trying his hand at feminist tax. For one thing, there’s barely any scenes that don’t revolve around the main protagonist Cathryn. Her character isn’t compelling which somewhat dooms the film from the beginning. The male characters come across as jerks. Altman’s goal seemed to make a point about the way movies objectify women, turning them into the â€Å"images,† the film’s title indicates, for the consumption of male viewers. After all, Cathryn is only a little more than something for the men in the film to enjoy. Cameras figure plainly in the film’s mise-en-scene. Her pointing and shooting a gun (a symbol of male power) is yet another example of Altman’s use of gender associations. Although Altman’s point is clear, it seems like he went about delivering the message in a cliched way. In terms of objective reality, every image revealed rovides a lot of suspense and anticipation of what effect Altman will provide next. However it is somewhat difficult to find the reality as it is one of Altman’s most abstract films. It is full of so much symbolism and images that it reflects the work of Bergman and Kubrik. These â€Å"images† consist of shimmering water and tinkling ornaments. They are astonishing beautiful â€Å"images† cut often by shocks of Cathryn’s sensibilities. One daunting scene that does not occur in her head is when she is writing her story and watching ponies, but a dog and frantic sounds break the peacefulness. Altman wrote the film entirely, but the children’s story that accompanies some of â€Å"the images† was composed by Ms. York. This blends art and actuality. The film also has a wonderful use of color that separates the protagonist Cheryl from her ambience in a particularly unique and incomparable way. A few things that this movie can be credited for is its complete originality and uniqueness. Images is a very bizarre Altman film. For a filmmaker who characteristically produces works with large ensembles and layered dialogue, Images feels more blunt and almost claustrophobic. One thing that makes it so different is that the visual style is more lyrical at some points while jagged at the others. Another difference is that the dialog does not overlap. In charge of photography was Vilmos Zsigmond, one of the best cinematographers of the seventies and Altman’s favorite cameraman at the time of production. He does an amazing job with his photography by remaining with the woman’s point of view while never suggesting at what is really going on. Altman added a clever touch to interchange the character’s names with the actors that portray them. Susannah is played by actress Cathryn Harrison and Cathryn is played by actress Susannah York. Another switch of names is shown in the characters of three actors: Hugh played by Rene Auberjonois, Rene played by Marcel Bozzuffi, and Marcel is played by Hugh Millai. Altman’s demand of the audience’s senses is both nontraditional and expert. The fragmented style applied to the movie will definitely not please all senses to each audience member. However its witty script, brave look at a twisted inner world, and the eerie atmosphere the film creates is enough to keep one’s attention for the films entirety. If that’s not enough, there is always the pleasure of watching characters played by phenomenal actors Altman is so famous for providing. American film critic and film/animation historian Leonard Maltin described the film best in stating the film was â€Å"difficult but fascinating† and that it comes off as â€Å"off-putting at first, but worth the effort to hang on. † It is a definite must see for Altman admirers who want to see him in a new style. Altman doesn’t worry about the defenses needed for his film, but rather simply creates a spiritual and poetic vision letting logic and caution fall in the depths of the films beauty. Whether or not Altman produced a commercial success, didn’t change the pace at which he put forth films. Five years after Images was produced, Altman came out with the film 3 Women. The idea for the film came to Altman in a dream. It was because of Allen’s success with filmmaking; 20th Century Fox approved the movie before he had a definite script. Although it was original intention to film without a script, he eventually had one made before filming. This script was more like a â€Å"blueprint,† which he regularly did with previous films. The film centers around two women whose characters are in keen contrast with one another among their first encounters. The third woman the title hints at is a minor character but has a key supporting role, although not first recognized to the audience but gradually can be understood. Essentially the movie tells a story of three women whose characters change and merge, until finally, in the perplexing ending scene, switch roles. 3 Women, although praised for its uniqueness, was not very popular at the time. American audiences may not have even recognized its release at the time. Why you might wonder? A little movie directed by George Lucas bearing the name Star Wars was released in the same year. The three women the title hints at are Shelley Duvall, Sissy Spacek, and Janice Rule who live in the same apartment complex in the desert of California. Duvall plays Mildred â€Å"Millie† Lammoreaux, who works as a physical therapist at a senior care center. She comes off as very confident about her charm and her appeal to men, even though the men she goes after openly mock her. Pinky Rose, played by Spacek, is a young, naive, and childlike woman from Texas who too gets a job at the senior center. With Millie’s roommate moving out, she is forced to find a new roommate, after accepting the conditions, Pinky becomes that new roommate. Rule plays the supporting yet vital role of Willie Hart, the pregnant wife of the landlord of the apartment complex. She gives off an incredibly sad aura as she moves with a gloomy silence, keeping isolated from other people. Willie is a muralist who makes visually appealing yet moderately unsettling murals; one in which is painted at the bottom of the apartment pool depicting godlike creatures, absurd men, and women who annoy each other. The opening scene of the film reflects roles of each of the three women that women in general often play. Willie, the pregnant wife, represents a mother. From the mural she is painting in the pool, one can determine that she seems very sad. Millie reflects a teenager in that she is often very interested in the opposite sex. She is an odd character in that she obsessively gives recipes to others and tells them how she organizes them by the allotted time, even though no one seems to care. Pinky, when first introduced at the clinic, comes off instantly as immature and naive just like an average child. During lunch, she blows bubbles through a straw into her drink and later plays around in a wheelchair, pretending as if she was a patient. Along with making faces at the workers, she says to Millie, â€Å"You’re the most perfect person I’ve ever met,† resembling a young child admiring their cooler older sister. As with Images, this film is also extremely subjective in terms of the characters. Each character has an excessive emphasis on their moods, attitudes, and opinions. There’s no subtly in any of the way the characters act. Millie, as explained in the previous paragraph, is portrayed as an annoying friend who talks excessively. We’ve all experienced or know someone who has experienced a friend like this before, but someone having a personality as dramatic as Millie is just unusual. The audience quickly understands how desperate she is to find a man. Tom, a neighbor who works the grill during poolside dinners, is someone Millie fancies a lot but can’t get attention from. She even tells Pinky that he has asked her out on dates but she’s always been too busy to accept; clearly an act of desperation over someone she cares fantasizes about so deeply. During her lunch break she eats and sits with the doctors, consisting of only men, rather than her co-workers even though it’s more expensive. Her efforts are useless in that they still don’t really acknowledge her. Her last hangout spot to socialize with men is a local bar/ recreation area, owned by Edgar and bartended by his wife Willie. The boys too preoccupied with shooting at a gun range and riding bikes outback, provides yet another obstacle for Millie to find someone. Pinky too reflects the extreme of a personality behaving as some would call childlike. She is a withdrawn woman trying to begin a new life in California, refusing to go into specifics of her past life. The way she looks up to Millie after knowing her for less than a day is extremely odd. Most people emulate people, especially when they are the new one in town as Pinky was, when they are popular or are known for doing something good. They think by acting similar to that person, they will share that same sense of praise and popularity. What’s strange about Pinky’s situation is that Millie isn’t your ideal role model and is the complete opposite of a popular girl. Millie is more of the nerd that’s oblivious to what other people truly think about her. It brings to the question, why would anyone want to duplicate Millie? Also, what made Pinky not want to keep her past life hidden? Altman was very creative in creating Willie’s character. Although Willie doesn’t have many lines in the film, shown mostly with her paintings instead of with people, her supporting role is necessary for the flow of the movie. With a macho husband possessing such an extravagant personality, it wouldn’t be hard to miss her character entirely. Although withdrawn from social interaction, it is made evident that she is still caring. After Pinky attempted to commit suicide by jumping into the apartment pool, Willie didn’t hesitate to jump in and save her. Also in the final scene, even though Willie and Pinky were both messing around with her husband, she still decided to take them in and let them work at the bar with her after the â€Å"accidental† death of her husband. The three women make a complete 360 from polar opposites, into a family. The objective reality of the film is evident through its use of the visual representation found in the mirrors and the water. Mirrors and reflections represent the way Millie views herself. Through the mirrors, we begin to understand Millie’s obsession with looking good, something she is proud of accomplishing. Millie is always beautifying herself by making small changes to her clothes, touching her hair constantly to make sure her curls are intact, and perfecting her makeup. She looks at her reflection, apparently adoring what she says looking back at her, even though no one can figuratively see her. The mirror and the reflections represent Millie’s invisibility to other people in that when you look in the mirror, you are the only one to take notice of what’s reflecting back. Water is also extremely prevalent in the film’s entirety. Each of the three female protagonists of the film is associated with water in one way or another. The opening shot of pregnant Willie painting a mural and water being immersed as a backdrop is said by Altman to represent â€Å"the amniotic fluid surrounding a fetus,† (Ebert). The seceding scene shows Millie and her coworkers helping old people slowly descend into a pool- going to the water as their lives initially started. The wavy line shown on the screen is thought to represent an umbilical cord connecting the person to its life line. Also located in the pool is the crucial turning point in which Pinky jumps into the pool from the balcony, to be later saved by Willie. The movie does feature men; however they are of far less significance to the main protagonists. Edgar, played by Robert Fortier, is the husband of Willie. What someone might call a â€Å"manly man,† Edgar showcases himself with motorcycles, beer, and guns. He is very much a drunk who tries to portray himself as a benevolent western gunslinger and fails to acknowledge his wife properly. The other men, often seen lounging around the apartment’s pool, are objects of Millie’s captivation. She always comes off in preparation for dates or dinner plans with these gentleman, even though they never actually happen and they fail to notice her. It is understood fairly quickly that Millie is a lonely soul. The men are used only to further emphasize the personality of the female characters they come in contact with. It is obvious that this film was primarily focused on the significance of the character rather than creating an high-suspense adventure like Stephen Spielberg did with his film Jaws created a mere two years previously. Each actress perfectly resembles their characters through their looks and acting capabilities. Rule depicts Willie with no apparent expression on the face and a sad look in her eyes. Spacek’s light hair and eyes that stare in adoration fit a character named Pinky. Duvall especially contributed a lot to the creation of the film. She was accountable for creating the recipes, the diary entries, and a great deal of the dialogue her character Millie had. Her big brown round eyes resemble a deer in headlights as she is oblivious to the feelings others have towards her. It’s no wonder why she took home the Cannes Film Festival and Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards best actress award. Though the actors fit the characters well and portrayed each scene wonderfully, some things are left unanswered for the audience. Although Pinky is a main character, not a lot is understood about her past. Upon completion of the film, it is still left a mystery why she left Texas and whether or not she was actually from there. When Millie asked for specifics on what part of Texas she was from, Pinky accused her of giving her the third degree and avoided the question. Also, when Pinky saw her â€Å"parents† in the hospital she claimed that she had never seen them before, screaming for them to get out. This was a very peculiar scene since the old couple claim to be Pinky’s parents, but look far too old to actually be them. Whether they are frauds, grandparents, or her adoptive parents, is never actually presented. Another mystery Altman added to make the movie come off as a dream, where not everything makes sense and only certain details are vivid. For its use of water coming in and out of scenes with the primary characters, even though water is not actually present, and the mysteries that leave the audience questioning scenes, 3 Women possesses a dream-like quality. The idea of the film, the story, the cast, and everything included, was said by Altman to come to him in a dream, so he wanted to express it as such. The message and the overall point of the film are left open to interpretation for the audience. Altman himself says he is not exactly sure what the ending means but has a â€Å"theory† on what it signifies and what actually occurred. He wanted to create a film filled with emotion and allusion rather than â€Å"surface realities caught with the camera’s allegedly objective eye,† (Sterritt). Essentially this movie is not a narrative in any way but reflects the three stages of a woman’s life. The three women merge into a single person, who is mother, daughter, and granddaughter, â€Å"isolated but serenely self-sufficient (Canby). The film is about age and youth and the overall quality of American life. Trying to decipher the exact meaning of the movie is pointless in that no one could be definite for sure. 3 Women is a film concentrated more on mystery, mood, and behavior than the use of plot devices. In both Images and 3 Women, it is evident that Altman avoided an attempt to make a flashy movie in order to compete at the same level as his younger comrades in the business. Images depicted a fairytale and 3 Women, a dream; both very unconventional types of films. He was far too interested in the preservation of Hollywood art to care about garnering publicity. These were films that had emphasis on ambiguous between objective reality, and character subjectivity, decorated with abstract, enigmatic compositions. Both were films in which Altman was involved both with the writing and directing process, enabling him to project on screen what he himself envisioned as the direction of the movie. Also, these films examined madness in its female characters. It is no coincidence that these specific films both won a best actress award at Cannes. Although Altman’s movies don’t always do extremely well at the box office, they are perpetually the subject of a lot of analytical attention.